Antenna - how it works

It is probably not something that many people is interested in, except if they are a type of engineer engineering electrical or only annoying, but understand how works an antenna can be useful if you on your TV or radio South on you and is the reason for your understanding.

Attempts to explain how to use an antenna in simple English is no easy task, because there are a lot of technical specifications which must be explained. But a general understanding is possible without talking tech, crawl would render the Einstein.

An antenna to work, he issued. Their antenna, TV or radio has called free electrons through it. It is these free electrons that vibrate. To make the question of how these free electron vibrate and what causes they vibrate?

Now, in real life, it takes an electric field to move an electron. If are you isolated right dipole fields combined all charged particles both positive and negative, is making to the antenna. We call this field of Coulomb antenna field.

In this field, the antenna shows a magnetic field, that the sum of the fields magnetic moving electrons. The antenna is also a dynamic electric field, which is the vector sum of the dynamics of the electric fields of free electrons. What we can do is to separate the electric field of the antenna at each point in space at two components. One of the components are in phase with the total magnetic field and 90 degrees are out of phase to others. The phase component is the antenna radiation field and the fate of the phase of the component of the induction field. The two fields are parallel to the surface of the metal of the antenna.

What is happening, is that the Coulomb field and the field of induction of much faster than the fall of radiation field as the distance from the antenna increases. If you distances greater than a few lengths of wave between the antenna and the scope, you have what is called the antenna on the ground. This field is pure radiation. How to move closer to the antenna, you have what is called the antenna near field. This field is a mix of radiation fields of Coulomb and induction. Still with us? Great, we are always to the good part.

What happens at the end with all of these fields, what makes it so that your TV or radio to start the signals of your antenna, it. Free electrons moved by your antenna go with their maximum speed. The right hand half of your antenna accumulates electrons. Is the left hand, in which the electrons take half of your antenna and an excessive amount of ions responsible for leaving. The Coulomb field produces an imbalance and opposed the electrons of the right-wing movement. The electrons then stop, a bit of the coast and go back towards the left side. REACH maximum speed will then stop and repeated process, now to return to the right direction. The result is a vibration of free electrons, which heats the metal and in turn creates electromagnetic waves.

And in simple English as possible, the antenna works.